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Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in nonfunctioning transplanted kidney.
S Kaplan-Pavlovcic1, A Kmetec, A Vizjak
1Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre, Zaloska 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. stasa.kaplan@kclj.si
Transplantation Proceedings
|December 31, 2003
Summary
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare, severe kidney infection. In kidney transplant patients, it presents as fever in a nonfunctioning graft and requires histologic evaluation for diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pathology
- Infectious Disease
Background:
- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, severe chronic infection of the renal parenchyma, affecting both native and allografted kidneys.
- Diagnosis in native kidneys can sometimes be achieved with imaging like ultrasonography and computed tomography.
- In renal allografts, definitive diagnosis typically requires histologic evaluation of transplant biopsies or nephrectomy specimens.
Observation:
- This report details a febrile patient with a failing renal allograft.
- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis was diagnosed through histologic examination of the transplantectomy specimen.
- This case highlights a specific clinical presentation in a post-transplant setting.
Findings:
- Histologic evaluation confirmed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a nonfunctioning renal allograft.
- Imaging modalities may not be sufficient for diagnosing XGP in allografted kidneys.
- The case underscores the importance of histological analysis for rare renal pathologies.
Implications:
- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for febrile patients with nonfunctioning renal transplants.
- Early consideration of XGP can aid in timely and accurate diagnosis in transplant recipients.
- This finding contributes to the understanding of infectious complications in renal transplantation.