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Related Experiment Videos

Progress towards hormonal male contraception.

Axel Kamischke1, Eberhard Nieschlag

  • 1Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University, Domagkstr. 11, D-48129, Muenster, Germany.

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|January 16, 2004
PubMed
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Hormonal male contraception using androgens shows promise but requires additional agents for efficacy in Caucasian men. Combinations with progestins or GnRH antagonists are being explored for improved azoospermia rates.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Androgens are crucial for hormonal male contraception by suppressing gonadotropins and inhibiting spermatogenesis.
  • Clinical trials confirm the concept but practical application remains limited due to unacceptable modalities.
  • Self-administered androgen preparations have shown disappointing efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of androgen-based regimens for male contraception.
  • To identify effective combination therapies for achieving azoospermia in diverse populations.
  • To address the suboptimal response of Caucasian men to androgen-only treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trials on hormonal male contraception.
  • Focus on androgen implants and long-acting injectable testosterone esters (e.g., testosterone undecanoate).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of combinations of androgens with progestins or gonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH) antagonists.

    • Main Results:

    • Androgen-based regimens achieve azoospermia in approximately two-thirds of Caucasian men, unlike East Asian men.
    • Testosterone combined with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethisterone enanthate, desogestrel, or etonogestrel demonstrated promising efficacy.
    • Additional agents are necessary to improve contraceptive effectiveness in certain populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Hormonal male contraception using androgens is feasible but requires optimization.
    • Combination therapies involving testosterone and specific progestins or GnRH antagonists show potential for enhanced efficacy.
    • Further research is needed to develop widely acceptable and effective male contraceptive strategies.