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Related Concept Videos

Surveys02:16

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
Archival Research01:40

Archival Research

Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
Ethics in Research01:56

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
Data Collection by Experiments01:13

Data Collection by Experiments

Data collection is a systematic method of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. An experimental study is a standard method of data collection that involves the manipulation of the samples by applying some form of treatment prior to data collection. It refers to manipulating one variable to determine its changes on another variable. The sample subjected to treatment is known as “experimental units.”
An example of the experimental method is a public clinical trial...
Data Collection by Survey01:07

Data Collection by Survey

The systematic method of obtaining and analyzing accurate information of a population is called data collection. A survey is a standard method of data collection that involves collecting information from a target human population about their experience, opinion, or knowledge of a product, service, or process. The responses are recorded and interpreted. The most common survey examples are written questionnaires, face-to-face or telephonic conversations, focus groups, and electronic (e-mail or...
Data Collection by Observations01:08

Data Collection by Observations

Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Methods to Test Visual Attention Online
09:44

Methods to Test Visual Attention Online

Published on: February 19, 2015

Human research and data collection via the internet.

Michael H Birnbaum1

  • 1Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, California 92834-6846, USA. mbirnbaum@fullerton.edu

Annual Review of Psychology
|January 28, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Web research offers efficient recruitment and standardized procedures, but presents challenges like higher dropout rates. Careful analysis is crucial for reliable online studies compared to traditional lab research.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Research Methodology
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Traditional laboratory research provides controlled environments but can be limited in sample size and diversity.
  • The internet offers unprecedented opportunities for large-scale data collection and participant recruitment.
  • Methodological considerations for web-based research are critical for data integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advantages and disadvantages of web-based research compared to traditional laboratory methods.
  • To compare alternative programming techniques for online data collection.
  • To discuss the implications of differences observed between web and lab-recruited participants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies comparing web and lab research methodologies.

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  • Comparison of client-side versus server-side programming for web-based data collection.
  • Analysis of methodological challenges in web research, including participant dropout and repeated participation.

    • Main Results:

    • Web research enables rapid recruitment of large, diverse, and specialized samples with standardized procedures.
    • Web studies may experience higher dropout and repeated participation rates, requiring rigorous pre-launch testing.
    • Data from web and lab studies often yield similar conclusions, but significant demographic differences exist between participant pools.

    Conclusions:

    • Web-based research presents significant advantages for participant recruitment and standardization, despite methodological challenges.
    • Careful design, programming, and analysis are essential for valid and reliable web research.
    • Researchers must consider potential biases and differences when comparing findings from internet-recruited versus lab-recruited samples.