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Related Experiment Videos

Deciphering components of impaired working memory in multiple sclerosis.

Jean Lengenfelder1, Nancy D Chiaravalloti, Joseph H Ricker

  • 1Kessler Medical Rehabilitation Research and Education Corporation, Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Laboratory, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA.

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology : Official Journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology
|February 7, 2004
PubMed
Summary

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Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) primarily experience working memory (WM) deficits in the central executive function, not the phonological loop. This impacts cognitive processing, distinguishing those with MS cognitive impairment from others.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is frequently associated with working memory (WM) impairments.
  • The specific WM components affected in MS, such as central executive function versus storage, require further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate auditory working memory (WM) component impairments in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To differentiate between central executive and storage/maintenance functions in MS-related WM deficits.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort including individuals with MS (with and without cognitive impairment) and healthy controls was studied.
  • Participants completed the auditory n-back task (storage/rehearsal) and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (central executive).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Information maintenance in the phonological loop is generally efficient when minimally challenged.
  • Central executive involvement in processing is critical for distinguishing cognitive impairment levels in MS.

Conclusions:

  • The primary working memory (WM) impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) resides in the central executive component.
  • The findings suggest that central executive dysfunction is a key feature of cognitive impairment in MS.