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Melatonin and viral infections.

Ernesto Bonilla1, Nereida Valero, Leonor Chacín-Bonilla

  • 1Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas 'Dr. Américo Negrette', Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela. ebonillaro@yahoo.com

Journal of Pineal Research
|February 14, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Melatonin demonstrates therapeutic effects against viral infections by boosting host resistance and reducing mortality. Its immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties offer a promising alternative for treating viral diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Viral infections pose significant health challenges.
  • Melatonin, a hormone, is being investigated for its potential therapeutic roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the therapeutic effects of melatonin against various viral infections.
  • To emphasize its role in combating Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE).

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on melatonin's effects in animal models of viral infections.
  • Analysis of immune responses, cytokine levels, and mortality rates in treated and untreated animals.

Main Results:

  • Melatonin reduces mortality and viremia in encephalomyocarditis and West Nile virus infections.

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  • It protects against Aleutian disease in mink and preserves immune cells in retroviral infections.
  • In VEE-infected mice, melatonin delays disease onset and death, potentially via increased interleukin-1beta production.

    • Conclusions:

    • Melatonin exhibits immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects.
    • These properties suggest melatonin as a potential therapeutic agent for viral diseases.
    • Its role in enhancing immune response and scavenging reactive oxygen species is crucial.