[Individual variability of external structure and topography of human ciliary ganglion]

The goal of present investigation was to find the interrelation between the dimensions and shape of ciliary ganlion, its topographic characteristics and skull type. By a method macromicropreparation ciliary ganlion and ciliary plexus from 200 corpses of the adult people were studied. It is established that the ganglion occupies posterior-inferior, intermediate or anterior-superior position in respect to common tendinous ring (Zinn's ligament) and optic nerve, that is associated with certain peculiarities of external structure of ciliary ganlion and ciliary plexus. The posterior-inferior position of the ciliary ganlion and ciliary plexus was associated with a concentrated type of their structure of, while the anterior-superior position was found in the ganglion and plexus with diffuse type of structure. It was also found that posterior-inferior position of the ganlion was typical to brachycephals, while the anterior-superior position was found in dolichocephals. It is suggested that of the ciliary ganlion topography and its external structure type are defined by the peculiarities of localization of neuroblasts, which are the precursors of ciliary ganlion neurons. In their turn, the peculiarities of neuroblast localization, are dictated by the influence of those factors, that determine the development of dolichocephaly or brachycephaly. The absence of sympathetic root in human ciliary ganlion is reported, and in this connection, the description of cavernous nervous plexus is presented in comparison with the data of the literature.