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Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene Chromosomes

No description available

Chromosome Structure

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...

Chromosome Structure

Chromosome Structure

No description available

Lampbrush Chromosomes

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...

Lampbrush Chromosomes

Lampbrush Chromosomes

No description available

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Rescue of Recombinant Zika Virus from a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome cDNA Clone

Rescue of Recombinant Zika Virus from a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome cDNA Clone

Published on: June 24, 2019

Bacterial artificial chromosome engineering

Srividya Swaminathan¹, Shyam K Sharan

¹Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|March 17, 2004

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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