[Transition to parenthood in twin gestations after assisted reproduction]

We reviewed the literature regarding twin parenthood after the use of assisted reproductive technologies. The transition to parenthood is followed by changes in personal, marital, familial, social, and professional lifestyle. Couples may experience acute stress, which may lead to temporary or chronic psychological distress. Twin pregnancies may be considered "premium pregnancies" and as such, may add to the sense of stress in parenthood since parenting twins is both a demanding and challenging task. In particular, couples that endured treatments for long-standing infertility may face difficulties in the first months of parenthood. In light of the findings, these parents should be considered at risk because they may have reduced parental competence, which in turn may impede their children's psychological development and well-being. Psychological support for these couples should be offered during infertility treatment, pregnancy, and during the first months of infancy.