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Related Experiment Videos

Pediatric procedural approach-avoidance coping and distress: a multitrait-multimethod analysis.

Rebecca S Bernard1, Lindsey L Cohen, Catherine B McClellan

  • 1Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6040, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Psychology
|April 21, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This study found that pediatric procedural distress during immunizations is validly assessed. However, children

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Immunization injections are a common source of procedural distress in children.
  • Understanding children's coping mechanisms, specifically approach-avoidance strategies, is crucial for managing this distress.
  • Valid assessment tools are needed to accurately measure coping and distress during pediatric procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the construct validity of children's approach-avoidance coping and distress during immunizations.
  • To examine the reliability and validity of instruments used to assess these domains in pediatric procedural settings.

Main Methods:

  • A multitrait-multimethod matrix was employed to assess construct validity.
  • The study included 62 children aged 4-6 years undergoing immunization injections.

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  • Data were collected using child, parent, and nurse ratings, alongside three behavior observation scales.

    • Main Results:

    • Pediatric procedural distress showed adequate convergent and discriminant validity, indicating valid assessment.
    • Most approach-avoidance measures exhibited good convergent validity.
    • Several measures failed to adequately differentiate between avoidance and distress behaviors.

    Conclusions:

    • Children's approach-avoidance coping may differ qualitatively from adult strategies.
    • Researchers and clinicians should consider these age-specific differences when developing interventions for child procedural distress.
    • Further research is needed to refine assessment tools for children's coping during medical procedures.