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[Protective efficacy of DNA vaccines encoding mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85B protein]
Xiong-lin Fan1, Zhi-kai Xu, Yuan Li
1Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. bacteria@fmmu.edu.cn
Aim:
To explore protective efficacy of pTB30m and pTB30s encoding Ag85B protein against infection with M. tuberculosis H (37)R (v).
Methods:
BALB/c mice were infected intravenously with 5x10(5) CFU of M. tuberculosisH (37)R (v) six weeks after the last vaccination of pTB30m and pTB30s. At the same time, normal BALB/c mice were injected intravenously with 5x10(6) T cells separated from immunized BALB/c mouse spleen through nylon wool column, and challenges were injected with 10(5) CFU of M. tuberculosis immediately intravenously. After 4 weeks, the CFU in spleens of infected mice were counted respectively.
Results:
Vaccination with pTB30m and pTB30s produced significant protection against M. tuberculosis proliferation in the mouse spleens following challenge. As compared with the saline-injected mice, CFU in spleens of the mice vaccinated with pTB30m or pTB30s were reduced significantly, being 0.645(log(10) CFU, P<0.01) and 0.839(log(10) CFU, P<0.001), respectively. In contrast, bacterial load in the mice spleens vaccinated with empty plasmid only had little reduction. After adoptive immunization by T cells from the mice vaccinated with pTB30m and pTB30s, the mice might induce partial protection against M. tuberculosis proliferation in the mouse spleens following challenge.
Conclusion:
Protective efficacy of the mice immunized with pTB30s against challenge with M. tuberculosis virulent strain was better than that immunized with pTB30m.Thus, pTB30s is a promising DNA vaccine with respect to the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.
Insights
DNA vaccines pTB30m and pTB30s show protective efficacy against tuberculosis. The pTB30s DNA vaccine demonstrated superior protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge in mice.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Microbiology
Context:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating novel vaccine strategies.
- The development of effective vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is crucial for disease control.
- DNA vaccines offer a promising platform for developing new TB vaccines.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the protective efficacy of two DNA vaccines, pTB30m and pTB30s, encoding the Ag85B protein against M.tb H(37)R(v) infection in a mouse model.
- To compare the immunoprotective effects of pTB30m and pTB30s against virulent M.tb challenge.
- To assess the potential of T cells from vaccinated mice in conferring protection.
Summary:
- BALB/c mice vaccinated with pTB30m or pTB30 DNA vaccines exhibited significant reduction in M.tb CFU in spleens post-challenge compared to saline controls.
- The pTB30s vaccine demonstrated a greater reduction in bacterial load (0.839 log(10) CFU, P<0.001) than pTB30m (0.645 log(10) CFU, P<0.01).
- Adoptive transfer of T cells from vaccinated mice conferred partial protection, suggesting a role for cell-mediated immunity.
Impact:
- The findings indicate that pTB30s is a potent DNA vaccine candidate for tuberculosis prevention and treatment.
- This study highlights the potential of Ag85B-encoding DNA vaccines in combating M.tb infection.
- Further research into pTB30s could lead to improved strategies for TB vaccine development.
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