Hypercoagulability and venous thromboembolism: a review.

Area of Science:

• Medical Science
• Hematology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) represent a significant global health burden.
• Understanding predisposing factors is crucial for VTE prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review factors predisposing individuals to venous thromboembolic events (VTE).
• To assess the relative risk associated with various acquired and inherited VTE risk factors.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on VTE risk factors.
• Analysis of data on acquired factors (e.g., oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, pregnancy).
• Evaluation of genetically inherited predispositions to VTE.

Main Results:

• Identified numerous acquired and inherited factors contributing to VTE risk.
• Quantified the approximate relative risk associated with individual predisposing factors.
• Highlighted increased VTE risk with the presence of multiple predisposing factors, including recurrence risk.

Conclusions:

• VTE risk is multifactorial, influenced by both acquired and genetic elements.
• Hormonal therapies and pregnancy are significant acquired risk factors for VTE.
• Concurrent presence of multiple risk factors substantially elevates VTE incidence and recurrence rates.