Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Determining the Serum Stability of Human Adenosine Deaminase 1 Enzyme
Published on: September 27, 2024
Activation induced deaminase: the importance of being specific
Harold C Smith1, Andrea Bottaro, Mark P Sowden
1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, USA. harold_smith@urmc.rochester.edu
Abstract:
Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is required for class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation in immunoglobulin genes. Although the preponderance of evidence suggests that AID functions by deaminating deoxycytidine in DNA, the question remains whether it can also deaminate cytidine in mRNA, as originally proposed based on its homology to RNA-editing enzymes. Recently, the biological relevance of assaying mammalian enzymes for DNA deaminase activity using Escherichia coli DNA as a reporter has been questioned, representing another round in the ongoing debate.
Related Concept Videos
Allosteric Proteins-ATCase
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis pathway,...
Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions
The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...
Enzymes
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
tRNA Activation
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...

