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Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break (DSB) Repair in Mammalian Cells
Published on: September 8, 2010
DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombination
Andrej Dudás1, Miroslav Chovanec
1Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlárska 7, 833 91 Bratislava 37, Slovak Republic.
Abstract:
DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are presumed to be the most deleterious DNA lesions as they disrupt both DNA strands. Homologous recombination (HR), single-strand annealing, and non-homologous end-joining are considered to be the pathways for repairing DSB. In this review, we focus on DSB repair by HR. The proteins involved in this process as well as the interactions among them are summarized and characterized. The main emphasis is on eukaryotic cells, particularly the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammals. Only the RAD52 epistasis group proteins are included.
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Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
