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ACE2: from vasopeptidase to SARS virus receptor
Anthony J Turner1, Julian A Hiscox, Nigel M Hooper
1School of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. a.j.turner@leeds.ac.uk
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|May 29, 2004
Summary
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) regulates blood pressure and is crucial for heart function. This enzyme is also the entry point for SARS virus, making it a key target for drug development.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Virology
Background:
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a zinc metallopeptidase and the human homologue of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).
- ACE2 plays a role in blood pressure regulation, heart function, hypertension, and diabetes.
- ACE2 mediates its effects partly by converting angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1-7).
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the multifaceted roles of ACE2 in physiological processes and disease.
- To underscore the significance of ACE2 as a therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on ACE2.
- Analysis of ACE2's enzymatic activity and its implications in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
- Examination of ACE2's role as a viral receptor.
Main Results:
- ACE2 is essential for cardiovascular homeostasis and metabolic regulation.
- The enzyme's interaction with angiotensin II is critical for its physiological functions.
- ACE2 serves as the cellular receptor for SARS-CoV.
Conclusions:
- ACE2 is a critical enzyme with implications in cardiovascular health, diabetes, and viral infections.
- Targeting ACE2 offers potential therapeutic strategies for multiple diseases, including SARS.
- Further research into ACE2's functions is warranted for drug development.