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Bone morphogenic protein-2 gene therapy for mandibular distraction osteogenesis
Russell L Ashinoff1, Curtis L Cetrulo, Robert D Galiano
1Laboratory of Microvascular Research and Vascular Tissue Engineering, Institute for Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Annals of Plastic Surgery
|May 29, 2004
Summary
Local delivery of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) via adenovirus significantly enhanced new bone formation during mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO) in rats. This approach may accelerate healing and improve outcomes in challenging cases.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative medicine
- Oral and maxillofacial surgery
- Gene therapy
Background:
- Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a surgical procedure for bone lengthening, but it has a prolonged consolidation phase and a risk of failure.
- Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are known to promote bone healing, but their specific impact on mandibular DO is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of local delivery of adenovirus containing the gene for BMP-2 (Adbmp-2) in enhancing bone deposition during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a rat model.
Main Methods:
- Mandibular distraction was performed in rats (n=54) to achieve 3 mm of lengthening over 6 days.
- At the start of consolidation, the distraction zone was injected with either Adbmp-2 or AdlacZ (control).
- Bone formation was assessed radiographically, histologically, and histomorphometrically at 1, 2, and 4 weeks post-distraction.
Main Results:
- Adbmp-2 treatment resulted in a significantly increased amount of new bone formation compared to the control group.
- Radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses confirmed enhanced bone deposition in Adbmp-2 treated specimens.
Conclusions:
- Local, adenovirally-mediated delivery of BMP-2 effectively increases bone deposition in mandibular distraction osteogenesis.
- This gene therapy approach holds potential for shortening the consolidation period and improving DO outcomes, particularly in compromised bone, such as post-irradiation.