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A Multicenter MRI Protocol for the Evaluation and Quantification of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Published on: June 2, 2015
Thromboembolic disease in pregnancy
1Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA. nora.m.doyle@uth.tmc.edu
Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|June 18, 2004
Summary
Pregnancy significantly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism due to physiological changes. Anticoagulation, particularly low molecular weight heparins, is recommended for high-risk pregnant individuals.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Hematology
- Maternal Health
Background:
- Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality.
- Pregnancy naturally induces hypercoagulability, venous stasis, and vascular damage, aligning with Virchow's triad.
- The risk of VTE is elevated five to sixfold during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiology and risk factors of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy.
- To outline current recommendations for prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation in at-risk pregnant individuals.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of VTE in pregnancy.
- Analysis of established risk factors and management guidelines.
Main Results:
- Pregnancy-associated hypercoagulability, venous stasis, and vascular damage increase VTE risk.
- Key risk factors include advanced maternal age (>35), antiphospholipid antibodies, inherited thrombophilias, operative delivery, high parity, obesity, mechanical heart valves, and family history.
- Prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation are crucial for management.
Conclusions:
- VTE poses a significant threat to maternal health during pregnancy and the puerperium.
- Low molecular weight heparins are generally safe and effective for anticoagulation in this population.
- Risk stratification and timely anticoagulation are essential for preventing maternal morbidity and mortality from VTE.
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