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Related Experiment Videos

Generation and memory for contextual detail.

Neil W Mulligan1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. nmulligan@unc.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|July 9, 2004
PubMed
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Generating words improves item memory but not context memory. This study found generation disrupted memory for word color, but not location or other contextual details, challenging a general trade-off hypothesis.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Generation effect is known to enhance memory for items.
  • Hypothesized trade-off between encoding item and contextual information during generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the effect of generation on context memory.
  • Test the hypothesis of an item-context trade-off in memory encoding.

Main Methods:

  • 12 experiments comparing memory for generated words versus read words.
  • Participants generated words (e.g., hot-c__) or read them (e.g., hot-cold).
  • Assessed item memory and various aspects of context memory (e.g., color, location).

Main Results:

  • Generation consistently enhanced item memory.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Generation did not enhance context memory.
  • Generation specifically disrupted memory for target word color, but not location or other contextual cues.

    • Conclusions:

    • Results argue against a general item-context trade-off hypothesis.
    • A processing account of generation is better supported.
    • No evidence found for generation enhancing recollection of contextual details.