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Variable range hopping conduction in semiconductor nanocrystal solids.

Dong Yu1, Congjun Wang, Brian L Wehrenberg

  • 1James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|July 13, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Conductivity in cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanocrystal films shows complex behavior. Variable range hopping with a Coulomb gap explains how conductivity changes with temperature and electrical fields.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Understanding the electrical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals is crucial for developing advanced electronic devices.
  • Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) nanocrystals are widely studied for their unique quantum mechanical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temperature and electrical field dependent conductivity of n-type CdSe nanocrystal thin films.
  • To elucidate the underlying transport mechanisms governing conductivity in these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurements of conductivity in CdSe nanocrystal thin films.
  • Analysis of conductivity as a function of temperature (10-120 K) and applied electrical field.
  • Modeling conductivity using variable range hopping theory with a Coulomb gap.

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Main Results:

  • At low electrical fields, conductivity follows a specific temperature dependence: sigma ~ exp(-(T(*)/T)^1/2) between 10-120 K.
  • At high electrical fields, conductivity becomes strongly field-dependent, increasing by 8 orders of magnitude at 4 K over one decade of bias.
  • At very high fields, conductivity becomes temperature-independent: sigma ~ exp(-(E(*)/E)^1/2).

Conclusions:

  • The observed conductivity behavior in n-type CdSe nanocrystal thin films is accurately described by variable range hopping.
  • The presence of a Coulomb gap is essential for explaining the interplay between temperature, electrical field, and conductivity.
  • These findings provide insights into charge transport mechanisms in nanocrystal-based electronic materials.