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Related Experiment Videos

Single-unit artificial intervertebral disc.

Russell Alberts1, Arun-Angelo Patil, Dongxue Zhou

  • 1Alberts Biomechanics LLC, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.

Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine
|August 5, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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A novel single-unit artificial disc (SUAD) shows promise for spinal fusion. Kinematic testing demonstrated that softer SUADs can maintain disc space position without fixation, suggesting potential for improved spinal arthroplasty.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Spinal Mechanics

Background:

  • Artificial disc replacement aims to restore spinal motion and alleviate pain.
  • Current devices often require complex fixation systems.
  • A novel single-unit artificial disc (SUAD) design eliminates the need for fixation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the stability and integrity of the single-unit artificial disc (SUAD) under simulated physiological loading.
  • To assess the ability of the SUAD to maintain its position within the disc space without an anchoring device.

Main Methods:

  • Kinematic fatigue testing of various SUAD designs (flat discs and custom-designed discs) with different durometers (30D and 85D) placed between cadaveric C-5 and C-6 vertebral bodies.
  • Simulated physiological movements (flexion-extension, lateral bending, coupled rotation) were applied using a robotic testing fixture.

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  • Cyclic loading up to 5 million cycles was performed, with analysis of disc integrity, position, and wear.

    • Main Results:

    • Softer (30D) SUADs maintained their position in the disc space without fixation after 1 million cycles.
    • Harder (85D) discs and some 30D discs experienced weight loss, while 30D custom-designed discs showed minimal weight gain or loss.
    • One 85D flat disc was extruded, and one 85D recess-edged disc rotated, indicating potential issues with harder or specific designs.

    Conclusions:

    • A 30D SUAD can successfully maintain its position in the disc space without fixation.
    • Softer SUADs appear to conform better to the disc space and exhibit less wear.
    • Further long-term fatigue studies (10 million cycles) are warranted to confirm efficacy and assess particle generation.