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Fragmentation of shells.

F Wittel1, F Kun, H J Herrmann

  • 1Institute of Statics and Dynamics of Aerospace Structures, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 27, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|August 25, 2004
PubMed
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This study explores how brittle shells fragment, revealing power law distributions in fragment sizes. These patterns emerge from phase transitions during impact or explosion, defining a new class of fragmentation phenomena.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Fragmentation of brittle materials is a complex phenomenon.
  • Understanding shell fragmentation is crucial for various engineering applications.
  • Disordered brittle materials present unique challenges in predicting failure modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically and experimentally investigate the fragmentation of closed thin shells made of disordered brittle materials.
  • To analyze fragment size distributions under different loading conditions.
  • To identify the underlying mechanisms driving shell fragmentation.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental analysis of brown and white hen egg shells under impact and explosion.
  • Development of a three-dimensional discrete element model for shell simulations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of fragment size and mass distributions.

    • Main Results:

    • Both impact and explosion loading conditions result in power law fragment size distributions.
    • Simulations indicate that power law distributions arise from underlying phase transitions.
    • The nature of the phase transition differs: abrupt for explosion and continuous for impact.

    Conclusions:

    • The fragmentation of closed shells represents a new universality class of fragmentation phenomena.
    • The study provides evidence for distinct phase transition behaviors in shell fragmentation.
    • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of material failure in complex geometries.