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Updated: Jun 28, 2026
A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia
Published on: September 16, 2017
Reliability in detection of hemorrhage in acute stroke by a new three-dimensional gradient recalled echo
Nathaniel D Wycliffe1, Judy Choe, Barbara Holshouser
1Loma Linda University Medical Center, California, USA. dwycliffe@ahs.llumc.edu
Purpose:
To compare the sensitivity of magnetic resonance (MR) susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) with conventional MR sequences and computed tomography (CT) in the detection of hemorrhage in an acute infarct.
Materials And Methods:
A series of 84 patients suspected of having acute strokes had both CT and MR imaging (MRI) scans with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and SWI. The SWI sequence is a new high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique that amplifies phase to enhance the magnitude contrast.
Results:
Thirty-eight of 84 cases showed abnormal DWI consistent with acute infarct. Of the 38, SWI showed evidence of hemorrhage in 16 cases, compared to eight cases with spin echo (SE) T2, seven cases with fluid attentuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and only five cases with CT. In a subset of 17 cases of acute infarct who had both two-dimensional gradient recalled echo (2D-GRE) T2*-weighted imaging and SWI, in addition to conventional MRI, evidence of hemorrhage was seen in 10 cases using SWI, compared to seven cases with 2D-GRE T2*.
Conclusion:
SWI proved to be a powerful new approach for visualizing hemorrhage in acute stroke compared to CT and conventional MRI methods.
