Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 22, 2026

Opsono-Adherence Assay to Evaluate Functional Antibodies in Vaccine Development Against Bacillus anthracis and Other Encapsulated Pathogens
Published on: May 19, 2020
A bicarbonate anion-dependent anti-'N' MoAb
Y S Iyer1, K Vasantha, S R Joshi
1Institute of Immunohaematology, 13th floor, New Multistorey-Building, KEM hospital compound, Parel, Mumbai-400 012, India.
Abstract:
While studying the serologic characteristics of certain monoclonal blood group antibodies, we observed a hybridoma clone (5A-11E10) with anti-N-like serologic specificity that was dependent on the presence of the bicarbonate anion. The diluted cell culture supernatant preferentially agglutinated M-N+ RBCs by immediate spin. This supernatant also agglutinated M-N+ RBCs that had been treated with trypsin or sialidase (to remove N-reactivity), suggesting anti-'N' activity. Anti-'N' specificity was confirmed by the supernatant's non-reactivity with N+ RBCs treated with papain (to remove 'N' reactivity) or with ('N'-negative) M+N-U- RBCs. The requirement for bicarbonate in the MoAb's formulation was not a function of pH. Both sodium and ammonium bicarbonate supported agglutination, but neither sulfate nor carbonate was effective.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Bicarbonate-Carbonic Acid Buffer
Antibody Actions
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
Roles of Electrolytes: Chloride and Bicarbonate
Conditions such as hypochloremia can arise from insufficient chloride reabsorption by the kidneys, often compounded by extended bouts of diarrhea, vomiting, or...
Hybridoma Technology
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Antibody Structure and Classes
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
Titration of Polyprotic Base with a Strong Acid

