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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
Published on: January 2, 2013
GIL: a red cell antigen of very high frequency
G L Daniels1, E N Delong, V Hare
1Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5ND, UK.
Abstract:
A new high-frequency red cell antigen has been identified and named GIL. GIL differs from all high-frequency antigens included in the International Society of Blood Transfusion classification. There is very little family information and GIL has not been shown to be an inherited character. Five women with anti-GIL have been found. All had been pregnant at least twice. Red blood cells of two of the babies gave positive direct antiglobulin tests, but there were no clinical signs of hemolytic disease. Anti-GIL may have been responsible for a hemolytic transfusion reaction and results of monocyte monolayer assays of two of the anti-GIL suggested a potential to cause destruction of transfused GIL+ RBCs.
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