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Dynamics and morphology of superfluid bubbles in 4He quantum crystals
K Yoneyama1, R Nomura, Y Okuda
1Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
Abstract:
Superfluid bubbles in a 4He quantum crystal, which we refer to as quantum negative crystals, were investigated in bcc and hcp phases by visualizing their forms and motions at various temperatures. They were nearly spherical in bcc phase and faceted on the c-plane in their upper part in hcp phase. They steadily rose in the crystal due to gravity. Their direction was vertical in bcc phase and obliquely parallel to the c-facet in hcp phase. We also observed a slowing down of negative crystal in hcp phase caused by the appearance of the a-facet when temperature was lowered. Dynamics and morphology became successively anisotropic with cooling. The driving force by gravity for this motion was derived in the spherical case. Growth coefficient obtained by this model agreed well with the reported values.
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