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Published on: November 9, 2014
A comparative histological evaluation of the biocompatibility of materials used in apical surgery
C J A Sousa1, A M Loyola, M A Versiani
1Department of Endodontics, University of Uberlândia, CEP 38405-320 Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Aim:
To evaluate the biological properties of a variety of materials that could be used in apical surgery.
Methodology:
The intraosseous implant technique recommended by the FDI (1980) and ADA (1982) was used to test the following materials: zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and Z-100 light-cured composite resin. Thirty guinea-pigs, 10 for each material, divided into experimental periods of 4 and 12 weeks, received one implant on each side of the lower jaw symphysis. The connective tissue response alongside the lateral wall outside the cup served as a negative control for the technique. At the end of the observation periods, the animals were killed and the specimens prepared for routine histological examination to evaluate their biocompatibility.
Results:
The reaction of the tissue to the materials diminished with time. The ZOE cement was highly toxic during the 4-week experimental period, but this profile changed significantly after 12 weeks, when it showed biocompatible characteristics. MTA and Z-100 showed biocompatibility in this test model at both time periods.
Conclusions:
MTA and Z-100 composite were biocompatible at 4 and 12 weeks in this experimental model.