Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Behaviorism01:28

Behaviorism

The field of behaviorism was pioneered by figures such as Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner fundamentally shifted the focus of psychology to the observable and controllable aspects of human and animal behavior. This shift marked a critical evolution in the discipline, emphasizing scientific rigor and experimental methodology.
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
Law of Effect01:06

Law of Effect

B.F. Skinner, a prominent figure in behavioral psychology, introduced operant conditioning by emphasizing the role of consequences in shaping behavior. This theory builds upon the law of effect proposed by Edward Thorndike, which posits that behaviors followed by satisfying outcomes are likely to be repeated. In contrast, those followed by unsatisfying outcomes are less likely to recur.
Edward Thorndike's foundational work involved studying learning in animals, particularly using puzzle boxes...
Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Misdescribing the carneau: A perplexing plurality.

The Behavior analyst·2012
Same author

What is happening in psychology of learning courses?

The Behavior analyst·2012
Same author

Where is "Animal intelligence"?

The Behavior analyst·2012
Same author

A suggestion for describing combinations of response-dependent and response-independent events.

The Behavior analyst·2012
Same author

Contingency and behavior analysis.

The Behavior analyst·2012
Same author

Differing views of contingencies: How contiguous?

The Behavior analyst·2012

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

Stimulus control of behavioral history.

T J Freeman1, K A Lattal

  • 1Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26505-6040.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Pigeons exposed to different reinforcement schedules retained behavioral history effects. These effects influenced subsequent performance on interval schedules, demonstrating within-subject control.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Operant Conditioning

Background:

  • Behavioral history effects are crucial for understanding learning and performance.
  • Previous research primarily focused on between-subject comparisons of these effects.
  • The role of stimulus control in maintaining within-subject behavioral history effects was less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the persistence and nature of behavioral history effects within individual subjects.
  • To examine how prior reinforcement schedules influence subsequent performance under different interval schedules.
  • To determine if these effects are maintained under stimulus control.

Main Methods:

  • Pigeons were exposed to various reinforcement schedules (fixed-ratio, differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate, multiple schedule) under different stimulus conditions.

More Related Videos

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning
08:43

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning

Published on: October 22, 2015

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms
08:28

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms

Published on: March 3, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning
08:43

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning

Published on: October 22, 2015

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms
08:28

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms

Published on: March 3, 2023

  • Subsequent performance was assessed under fixed-interval or variable-interval schedules.
  • Response rates and patterns were recorded across multiple sessions to evaluate persistence.

    • Main Results:

    • Prior exposure to fixed-ratio or differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate schedules induced lasting response-rate differences, but not pattern changes, on interval schedules.
    • Effects of reinforcement-schedule history on fixed-interval performance were generally more persistent.
    • In Experiment 3, a history of varied response rates under a multiple schedule led to persistent rate differences under identical variable-interval schedules.

    Conclusions:

    • Behavioral history effects can significantly and persistently influence operant behavior within individual subjects.
    • These effects are demonstrable under stimulus control, extending previous findings beyond between-subject comparisons.
    • Reinforcement schedule history plays a critical role in shaping subsequent performance, particularly in rate but not pattern.