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Related Experiment Videos

Mitochondrial fission proteins regulate programmed cell death in yeast.

Yihru Fannjiang1, Wen-Chih Cheng, Sarah J Lee

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.

Genes & Development
|November 3, 2004
PubMed
Summary

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Single-cell organisms like yeast exhibit programmed cell death, involving mitochondria and a protein conserved across species. This process is regulated by factors similar to those found in mammals, suggesting an ancient cell death pathway.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Programmed cell death (PCD) in single-celled organisms is debated due to lacking mammalian machinery.
  • Yeast possess a homolog of human Drp1, a mitochondrial fission protein linked to mammalian cell death.
  • Mitochondria play a role in PCD, with fragmentation being a hallmark of apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of yeast Dnm1, a Drp1 homolog, in programmed cell death.
  • To explore the involvement of mitochondria in yeast cell death pathways.
  • To identify conserved mechanisms of PCD between yeast and mammals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism.
  • Investigated the function of Dnm1 and its interacting proteins (Mdv1/Net2, Fis1) in cell death.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examined mitochondrial fragmentation and degradation.
  • Assessed the functional replacement of yeast Fis1 by human Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL.

    • Main Results:

    • Yeast Dnm1 promotes mitochondrial fragmentation/degradation and cell death upon stimuli.
    • Mdv1/Net2 enhances yeast cell death, consistent with its role in mitochondrial fission.
    • Fis1 inhibits Dnm1-mediated mitochondrial fission and cell death in yeast.
    • Human Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL can functionally replace yeast Fis1's inhibitory role.

    Conclusions:

    • Yeast and mammalian cells share a conserved programmed cell death pathway.
    • The mitochondrial fission protein Drp1/Dnm1 is a key conserved component.
    • Bcl-2-like proteins act as inhibitors in this ancient cell death pathway.