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Urolithiasis in patients with end stage renal failure
M Daudon1, B Lacour, P Jungers
1INSERM U 90, Départment de Néphrologie, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.
The Journal of Urology
|April 1, 1992
Summary
Renal stones in hemodialysis patients are often linked to metabolic and iatrogenic factors. Analyzing stone composition can reveal causes and guide prevention strategies for kidney stones.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Chronic hemodialysis patients are prone to developing renal stones.
- The composition and etiology of kidney stones in this population are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the morphological and constitutional characteristics of renal stones in chronic hemodialysis patients.
- To identify the pathogenetic factors contributing to stone formation in this cohort.
Main Methods:
- Microscopic examination for morphological study of renal calculi.
- Infrared spectrophotometry for constitutional analysis of stone composition.
Main Results:
- Three main types of renal stones were identified: protein stones (30%), oxalo-protein stones (50%), and aluminum-magnesium urate stones (20%).
- Oxalo-protein stones were associated with metabolic factors (high urinary oxalate, low urinary citrate) and iatrogenic factors (vitamin D3, calcium salt supplementation).
- A significant proportion (70%) of stones were attributed to metabolic and iatrogenic factors.
Conclusions:
- Renal stone formation in hemodialysis patients is frequently influenced by metabolic and iatrogenic factors.
- Detailed stone analysis offers valuable insights into pathogenesis.
- Findings may inform the development of prophylactic strategies for kidney stones in hemodialysis patients.