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Pectin and psyllium decrease the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in guinea pigs.
M Vergara-Jimenez1, H Furr, M L Fernandez
1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
|November 13, 2004
Summary
Dietary pectin (PE) and psyllium (PSY) significantly reduced plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in guinea pigs. Soluble fibers also increased alpha-tocopherol in LDL and decreased its susceptibility to oxidation.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- High-fat, high-sucrose diets can lead to hyperlipidemia.
- Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation is a key factor in atherosclerosis.
- Dietary fibers may influence lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of pectin (PE) and psyllium (PSY) on plasma lipid levels.
- To determine the impact of PE and PSY on LDL alpha-tocopherol content and oxidation susceptibility.
- To assess the influence of soluble fibers on hepatic lipid accumulation.
Main Methods:
- Male Hartley guinea pigs were fed diets containing cellulose (control), PE, or PSY.
- Diets were matched for fat and carbohydrate content, with high sucrose energy contribution.
- Plasma lipids, LDL composition, LDL oxidation, and hepatic lipids were analyzed.
Main Results:
- PE and PSY significantly lowered plasma cholesterol (36-67%) and triacylglycerol (54%) compared to controls.
- LDL from PE and PSY fed animals had higher alpha-tocopherol concentrations (49-66%) and reduced oxidation susceptibility.
- Hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were also reduced by PE and PSY intake.
Conclusions:
- Pectin and psyllium effectively reverse hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat, high-sucrose diets.
- Soluble fibers like PE and PSY demonstrate a potential antioxidant effect on circulating LDL.
- These findings highlight the cardioprotective potential of soluble fiber intake.