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Getting an embryo into shape.

Daniel Maurus1, Michael Kühl

  • 1Abt. Biochemie, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|November 20, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Vertebrate development involves axis elongation through cell migration and oriented cell division, guided by planar cell polarity. This process establishes anteroposterior (AP) polarity, crucial for cell orientation and gastrulation movements.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cell biology
  • Embryogenesis

Background:

  • Multicellular organism formation requires differentiation and morphogenesis.
  • Early vertebrate development transforms radial symmetry into bilateral symmetry with defined body axes (anteroposterior, dorsoventral, left-right).
  • Body elongation along the anteroposterior (AP) axis involves cellular movements and proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the coupling mechanisms between cellular processes and AP axis elongation.
  • To understand how anteroposterior (AP) polarity influences cell migration and gastrulation.
  • To elucidate the role of planar cell polarity in coordinating developmental axes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cell migration patterns during early vertebrate development.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of cell division orientation in relation to embryonic axes.
  • Examination of the planar cell polarity pathway's involvement.

    • Main Results:

    • Cell migration and oriented cell divisions are identified as key contributors to AP axis elongation.
    • The planar cell polarity pathway couples these cellular processes.
    • AP axis patterning occurs independently of convergent extension but is essential for cell migration.

    Conclusions:

    • Anteroposterior (AP) polarity directs individual cell orientation relative to the embryonic axis.
    • AP polarity provides essential positional information for convergent extension.
    • Coordinated cell motility during gastrulation is instructed by AP polarity.