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Necrotising periodontal diseases
Ambrosio Bermejo-Fenoll1, Arturo Sánchez-Pérez
1Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Murcia. Ambrosio.bermejo@telefonica.net
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia Bucal
|December 8, 2004
Summary
Necrotizing gingivitis (NG), an acute gum infection from bacterial plaque, often affects malnourished individuals and those with immunodeficiency. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent gum damage and tissue loss.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Oral Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Necrotizing gingivitis (NG), also known as necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (NUG), is an acute opportunistic infection of the gums.
- It is primarily caused by bacterial plaque and frequently observed in malnourished children, young adults, and immunocompromised individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of necrotizing gingivitis.
- To highlight the importance of early intervention and the potential long-term consequences of the disease.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical examination.
- Complementary tests are recommended to rule out systemic illnesses or immunodeficiency.
Main Results:
- The disease is characterized by pain, bleeding, papillary necrosis, and a tendency to relapse.
- Potential sequelae include gum lesions like interdental papillary craters and, in cases of necrotizing periodontitis, attachment tissue loss.
Conclusions:
- Necrotizing gingivitis results from a complex interplay between oral microbiota and host factors, including nutritional and immunological status.
- Prompt and consistent treatment is essential to manage symptoms and prevent irreversible periodontal damage.