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Related Experiment Videos

Development of a novel compact sonicator for cell disruption.

K A J Borthwick1, W T Coakley, M B McDonnell

  • 1Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3TL, UK.

Journal of Microbiological Methods
|December 14, 2004
PubMed
Summary

A new compact ultrasonic cell disruptor using high-frequency (267 kHz) cavitation offers efficient microbial cell disruption for small samples. This novel device minimizes heating, preserving biochemical integrity, and outperforms traditional lower-frequency sonicators.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biophysics
  • Biochemical Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional ultrasound cell disruptors (around 20 kHz) are large and cause significant heating, limiting their use for small sample volumes requiring biochemical integrity.
  • Effective disruption of microbial cells is crucial for extracting intracellular components in various biotechnological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a compact, high-frequency (267 kHz) ultrasonic cell disruptor for small sample volumes.
  • To evaluate the efficiency of cell disruption and assess temperature increases compared to conventional low-frequency devices.
  • To utilize modeling and experimental methods to optimize the device's performance.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a compact tubular transducer (63.5-mm diameter, 6.5-mm thick) operating at 267 kHz.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exposure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae suspensions to cavitation in the novel device and a 20-kHz probe sonicator.
  • Assessment of cell disruption via protein release and cell staining.
  • Application of a 1-D transfer matrix model to predict mechanical resonance frequencies.
  • Measurement of electrical resonance frequencies using admittance measurements.
  • Detection of ultrasonic cavitation noise peaks using a hydrophone.

    • Main Results:

    • The 267-kHz sonicator achieved greater yeast cell disruption than the 20-kHz probe sonicator for equivalent exposure times.
    • Cell breakage efficiency, measured by protein released per dissipated watt, was twice as high at the predicted mechanical resonance frequency compared to electrical resonance frequencies.
    • Minimal temperature rises were observed, preserving the integrity of biochemical products.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed compact, high-frequency ultrasonic device provides efficient cell disruption for small volumes with minimal heating.
    • Resonance-based operation significantly enhances cell breakage efficiency, offering a basis for rational design of ultrasound cell disruption techniques.
    • This technology is suitable for applications requiring the preservation of sensitive biomolecules.