Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Energies of Atomic Orbitals03:21

The Energies of Atomic Orbitals

31.0K
In an atom, the negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. In a multielectron atom, electron-electron repulsions are also observed. The attractive and repulsive forces are dependent on the distance between the particles, as well as the sign and magnitude of the charges on the individual particles. When the charges on the particles are opposite, they attract each other. If both particles have the same charge, they repel each other.
31.0K
Coulomb's Law and The Principle of Superposition01:15

Coulomb's Law and The Principle of Superposition

11.9K
Coulomb's Law describes the force experienced by two point charges under each other's presence. But what if there are more than two charges? For example, if there is a third charge, does it experience a force that is a simple combination of the individual forces due to the first two charges? Can it be described mathematically?
The Principle of Superposition answers the question. Yes, Coulomb's Law applies to each pair of charges, and the net force on each charge is the vector sum of...
11.9K
Electric Field01:16

Electric Field

13.3K
Consider two point charges, each exerting Coulomb force on the other. It is possible to describe the Coulomb interaction via an intermediate step by defining a new physical quantity called the electric field.
In the new picture, imagine that the first charge sets up an electric field independent of all other charges in the universe. When another charge comes in its vicinity, the second charge experiences an electric force depending on the electric field at that point. The source charge does not...
13.3K
Formal Charges02:42

Formal Charges

41.3K
In some cases, there are seemingly more than one valid Lewis structures for molecules and polyatomic ions. The concept of formal charges can be used to help predict the most appropriate Lewis structure when more than one reasonable structure exists.
41.3K
Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges01:30

Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges

7.4K
Atoms generally contain the same number of positively and negatively charged particles, protons, and electrons. Hence, they are electrically neutral. However, the centers of the positive and negative charges do not always coincide. In such a scenario, the electric field of an atom may not be zero.
A separation of the positive and negative charges can lead to a weak, remnant effect of the positive and negative charges. The expectation is that the more the distance between the positive and...
7.4K
Electric Potential Energy in a Uniform Electric Field01:09

Electric Potential Energy in a Uniform Electric Field

7.0K
When an electric field accelerates a free positive charge, it acquires kinetic energy. This process is analogous to an object being accelerated by a gravitational field as if the charge were going down an electrical hill where its electric potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, although, of course, the sources of the forces are very different. The electrostatic or Coulomb force acting on the positive test charge is conservative, which means that the work done on a test charge is...
7.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Case report of severe hypocalcemia with atypical symptoms after zoledronic acid in palliative care: a deprescribing pitfall.

BMC palliative care·2026
Same author

First Measurement of the Quadrupole Moment of the 2_{1}^{+} State in ^{110}Sn.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Identification of Prompt Proton Emission in N=Z-1 ^{61}Ga: Isospin Symmetry at the Limit of Nuclear Binding.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Abrupt structural transition in exotic molybdenum isotopes unveils an isospin-symmetric island of inversion.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Multi-coincidence set-up for nuclear forensics with Si-strip and Compton-suppressed HPGe detectors.

Journal of environmental radioactivity·2025
Same author

Stroma content in triple-negative breast cancer spheroid models regulates penetration and efficacy of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium.

NPJ breast cancer·2025
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
08:23

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

4.1K

Effective charges in the fp shell.

R du Rietz1, J Ekman, D Rudolph

  • 1Department of Physics, Lund University, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.

Physical Review Letters
|December 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers measured lifetimes of mirror nuclei 51Fe and 51Mn using a heavy-ion reaction. This study provides effective proton and neutron charges in the fp shell, crucial for nuclear structure understanding.

More Related Videos

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−
06:53

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

9.3K
Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization
06:58

Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization

Published on: July 12, 2016

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
08:23

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

4.1K
Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−
06:53

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

9.3K
Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization
06:58

Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization

Published on: July 12, 2016

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics

Background:

  • Mirror nuclei 51Fe and 51Mn are crucial for studying nuclear structure.
  • Understanding polarization charges is key to nuclear shell model accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure lifetimes of analogue states in 51Fe and 51Mn.
  • To probe isoscalar and isovector polarization charges.
  • To derive effective proton and neutron charges in the fp shell.

Main Methods:

  • Heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction (32S+24Mg at 95 MeV).
  • Cologne plunger device coupled to the GASP gamma-ray spectrometer.
  • Lifetime measurements of excited nuclear states.

Main Results:

  • Deduced B(E2;27/2(-)-->23/2(-)) values for 51Fe and 51Mn.
  • Derived effective proton charge (ε(p) ≈ 1.15e) and neutron charge (ε(n) ≈ 0.80e).
  • Comparison with large-scale shell-model calculations.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental results provide insights into nuclear polarization phenomena.
  • Derived charges validate and refine nuclear shell models in the fp shell.