[The gene flow of population genetic structure]

The difference of population genetic structure is one of the important embodiments of genetic diversity. There is a long history of the study of population genetic structure, and the study of gene flow of population genetic structure is aroused more and more importance. It has an important effect on population genetics, evolution biology, conservation biology and ecology. Although the level of gene flow is estimated by traditional population genetics, there is a large restriction in its precision. With the development of biological technology, the methods of the research on gene flow reach the molecular level. Methods of protein electrophoresis and molecular markers (RAPD, RFLP, VNTR, ISSR and mitochondrial DNA) are used to research gene flow among populations. This paper introduces not only some models of population genetic structure: Continent-Island Model, Island Model, Stepping-Stone Model, Isolation-By-Distance Model and Hierarchical Model; but also the study methods, function and role of gene flow is based on models of population genetic structure, research achievements in recent years and the restriction of the methods.