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The human diving response, its function, and its control.

G E Foster1, A W Sheel

  • 1Health and Integrative Physiology Laboratory, School of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
|February 1, 2005
PubMed
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The diving response conserves oxygen for the brain and heart during apnea, slowing heart rate and constricting blood vessels. This physiological adaptation helps prolong survival during oxygen deprivation.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Respiratory Science

Background:

  • The diving response is a complex physiological reaction to submersion in water.
  • It involves integrated cardiovascular and respiratory system adjustments.
  • Understanding its control and significance is crucial for various medical conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological responses of the diving response.
  • To examine its functional significance, particularly oxygen conservation.
  • To elucidate its cardiorespiratory control mechanisms and adaptations.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing research on the diving response.
  • It analyzes physiological data related to cardiovascular and endocrine changes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A model of cardiorespiratory interaction during the diving response is presented.

    • Main Results:

    • Key responses include bradycardia, vasoconstriction, and increased catecholamine secretion.
    • The primary role is oxygen conservation for vital organs like the brain and heart.
    • Regular exposure may lead to adaptations in asphyxic environments.

    Conclusions:

    • The diving response is vital for oxygen conservation and extending tolerance to hypoxia.
    • Further research should investigate ventilatory responses in breath-hold athletes and sleep apnea patients.
    • Understanding these mechanisms can inform treatments for breathing disorders.