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Endothelial cells regulate cardiac contractility.

C Ramaciotti1, A Sharkey, G McClellan

  • 1Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Cardiac endothelial cells can modulate heart muscle contractions. Coronary venous effluent from a working heart alters cardiac trabecula contractions, indicating a role for endothelial cells in heart regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Endothelial Cell Biology
  • Cardiac Muscle Mechanics

Background:

  • Endothelial cells regulate vascular smooth muscle tone via vasoactive factors.
  • The role of endothelial cells in modulating cardiac muscle contraction is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether endothelial cells influence cardiac muscle contraction.
  • To determine if cardiac tissue releases factors that modulate endothelial cell activity.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated perfused working heart model to collect coronary venous effluent.
  • Superfusion of isolated cardiac trabeculae with coronary effluent.
  • Selective endothelial cell damage to assess their role in mediating effects.

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Main Results:

  • Coronary venous effluent reversibly altered the peak tension and duration of trabecula contractions.
  • Damage to trabecula endothelial cells abolished the effect of the effluent.
  • Effluent's effect varied with the metabolic and mechanical conditions of the donor heart.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac tissue releases substances into the coronary circulation.
  • These substances induce endothelial cells to produce cardioactive factors.
  • Endothelial cells play a role in the physiological regulation of cardiac contractility.