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Physiological factors influencing vitamin E biokinetics
John K Lodge1, Wendy L Hall, Yvonne M Jeanes
1School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom. j.lodge@surrey.ac.uk
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|March 9, 2005
Summary
Dietary fat content and food matrix significantly impact vitamin E absorption. Factors like dyslipidemia and genetic variations (apoE) also influence vitamin E uptake and distribution.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Biochemistry
- Human Physiology
- Pharmacokinetics
Background:
- Vitamin E bioavailability is not fully understood.
- Factors influencing vitamin E absorption require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of dietary, biochemical, and genetic factors on vitamin E biokinetics.
- To understand how food matrix and fat content affect vitamin E absorption.
Main Methods:
- Subjects ingested deuterated RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate.
- Blood samples were collected up to 48 hours post-ingestion.
- Tocopherols were analyzed using liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy.
Main Results:
- Higher fat meals increased plasma-labeled alpha-tocopherol concentrations compared to low-fat meals.
- Food matrix composition also affected vitamin E absorption.
- Dyslipidemic individuals showed reduced uptake in plasma and blood cells.
- Vitamin E supplementation led to decreased uptake, likely due to saturation of alpha-tocopherol transfer protein.
- Apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotype influenced vitamin E uptake, with apoE3 subjects showing reduced uptake compared to apoE4 subjects.
Conclusions:
- Dietary fat amount and food matrix are critical for vitamin E absorption.
- Dyslipidemia and apoE genotype are significant physiological factors affecting vitamin E uptake.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for designing effective vitamin E supplementation strategies.