Irritative effects of some pesticides and a technical component on tissue structure of the chorioallantoic membrane

The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a complete tissue that responds to injury with a complete inflammatory reaction, this process similar to that induced by chemicals in the conjunctival tissue of the rabbit eye. During the study chemicals are placed directly onto the chorioallantoic membrane and the occurrence of vascular injury or coagulation in response to a compound is as an indication of the potential of a chemical to damage mucous membranes. In our study irritant pesticides (Fusilade S, Karathane LC) and a technical pesticide component (Trend) were tested and their effects on the tissue structures of CAM were examined. After treatment with the test materials, first lysis and then haemorrhage were observed macroscopically on CAM. In histological pictures stained with H-E the rupture of the blood vessel wall was seen and blood was observed around the blood vessels in the middle layer. The histological findings correlated well with the macroscopic appearance in this study. In general a good correlation was found between the HET-CAM results and reported data from Draize test. The subjective nature of the evaluation is reduced through the histological examination of treated CAM. The HET-CAM test can be a useful component of a battery of tests needed for replacing the Draize rabbit eye irritation test.