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A morphogenetic model for the development of cortical convolutions
1Institut des Sciences Cognitives, UMR 5015 CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 67, boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron, France. rtoro@snv.jussieu.fr
Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|March 11, 2005
Summary
Mammalian cortical convolutions, or brain folding, naturally arise from cortical growth, according to a new morphogenetic model. This model explains the relationship between brain size, folding patterns, and regionalization.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Cortical convolutions in mammals are species-specific and linked to brain function.
- The developmental mechanisms and relationship between cortical folding and regionalization remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and simulate a morphogenetic model for mammalian cortical convolution development.
- To investigate the influence of cortical regionalization on folding patterns.
Main Methods:
- A computational model simulating the cortex as a closed surface with radial glial and axonal fibers.
- Incorporation of mechanical properties (elasticity, plasticity) and surface growth.
- Introduction of asymmetries to model early cortical regionalization.
Main Results:
- Simulations suggest convolutions are a natural outcome of cortical growth.
- The model accurately reproduces mammalian cortical surface-brain volume relationships, compensation periods in gyrencephalic brains, and folding dependence on cortical thickness.
- The model replicates convolution gradients, primary/secondary/tertiary convolutions, and sulci overproduction linked to altered cortical connections.
Conclusions:
- The proposed morphogenetic model provides a framework for understanding the development of cortical convolutions.
- Cortical growth and regionalization play crucial roles in shaping brain folding patterns.
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