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[Management of radiation cystitis]
Jérôme Rigaud1, Jean-François Hetet, Olivier Bouchot
1Service d'Urologie, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France. jrigaud@chu-nantes.fr
Summary
Radiation cystitis, a bladder lesion from pelvic radiotherapy, causes hematuria and urgency. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy offers an effective, lasting treatment option for radiation-induced bladder damage.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Radiotherapy
Context:
- Radiation cystitis affects 5-10% of patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy.
- Symptoms include macroscopic hematuria, frequency, and urgency.
- Diagnosis is typically based on patient history and cystoscopy findings.
Purpose:
- To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of radiation cystitis.
- To evaluate the efficacy of various treatment modalities, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Summary:
- Radiation cystitis is a bladder lesion resulting from pelvic irradiation.
- Common treatments include bladder lavage and intravesical instillations (formalin, silver nitrate, alum) with ~70% efficacy.
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) shows high efficacy (80-90%) with lasting effects and objective mucosal improvement.
- Severe cases may require embolization or cystectomy.
Impact:
- HBOT presents a promising, effective treatment for radiation cystitis.
- Improved understanding of treatment options can enhance patient outcomes.
- Further research into optimizing HBOT protocols may be warranted.