Advanced heart failure: a practical management algorithm and therapeutic options.

Carl V Leier1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Davis Heart-Lung Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. leier-1@medctr.osu.edu

Summary

Severe heart failure affects 3%-10% of patients despite advances. This study presents an algorithm for managing advanced heart failure, focusing on medical treatments and therapeutic options for better patient outcomes.

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