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Amniotic membrane transplantation in ocular surface disorders.
Himadri Datta1, Krishnendu Sarkar, P R Chatterjee
1Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Kolkata 700073.
Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|May 6, 2005
Summary
Human amniotic membrane transplantation is a versatile treatment for various ocular surface disorders. It serves as a graft or patch to repair damaged corneal tissue and prevent inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Regenerative Medicine
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Ocular surface disorders involve the conjunctival and corneal epithelium.
- Human amniotic membrane possesses a thick basement membrane and avascular stromal matrix.
- Initial ophthalmic use was for conjunctival surface reconstruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse ophthalmic applications of human amniotic membrane transplantation.
- To highlight its role in managing various corneal and external eye diseases.
Main Methods:
- Amniotic membrane transplantation as a graft to replace damaged ocular surface stromal matrix.
- Amniotic membrane transplantation as a patch to prevent inflammatory insults.
Main Results:
- Effective in persistent/recurrent corneal epithelial and stromal defects.
- Useful for corneal perforation, post-excision defects, and inflammatory conditions.
- Beneficial for symblepharon, dry eyes, and leaking filtering blebs.
Conclusions:
- Human amniotic membrane transplantation is a valuable therapeutic option for a wide spectrum of ocular surface disorders.
- Its regenerative and protective properties make it suitable for complex ophthalmic conditions.