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Advances in buccal drug delivery
Raj Birudaraj1, Ravichandran Mahalingam, Xiaoling Li
1TJL School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California , USA.
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems
|May 18, 2005
Summary
The buccal drug delivery route offers advantages like improved patient compliance and easier emergency removal. Research focuses on enhancing drug permeation and developing advanced dosage forms for systemic and local treatments.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- The buccal route provides an alternative for systemic drug delivery, offering benefits such as enhanced patient compliance and ease of dosage form removal.
- Historically, buccal drug absorption research dates back to 1847, with current efforts concentrating on overcoming challenges like first-pass metabolism for drugs such as cardiovascular agents, analgesics, and peptides.
- Development of controlled-release systems for both systemic and local oral cavity therapies is also a significant area of investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the anatomy and physiology of the buccal mucosa relevant to drug absorption.
- To discuss recent advancements in buccal permeation enhancement techniques and pathways for diverse molecules.
- To explore bioadhesion theories and examine current and developmental buccal dosage forms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on buccal mucosa characteristics, permeation enhancement strategies, and bioadhesion.
- Analysis of existing and emerging buccal drug delivery systems.
- Synthesis of historical and current perspectives on buccal drug delivery.
Main Results:
- The buccal mucosa presents unique anatomical and physiological features conducive to drug absorption.
- Various methods for enhancing buccal permeation have been identified, along with their specific molecular pathways.
- Bioadhesion theories provide a framework for understanding drug retention and release from buccal dosage forms.
- A range of buccal dosage forms are currently available or under development for diverse therapeutic applications.
Conclusions:
- Buccal drug delivery is a promising route for systemic administration, offering significant patient benefits.
- Continued research into permeation enhancement and advanced dosage forms will expand the therapeutic potential of the buccal route.
- Understanding bioadhesion is crucial for designing effective and targeted buccal delivery systems.