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An improved method for removal of red cell-bound immunoglobulin using chloroquine solution
A E Beaumont1, R Stamps, D J Booker
1Trent Blood Transfusion Service, Regional Transfusion Center, Longley Lane, Sheffield S5 7JN UK.
Immunohematology
|March 1, 1994
Summary
Chloroquine effectively removes immunoglobulin from red blood cells (RBCs) for improved phenotyping. Optimal conditions involve 90 minutes at 30°C or 30 minutes at 37°C to preserve RBC antigenicity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Transfusion Medicine
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Red blood cells (RBCs) coated with immunoglobulin pose challenges for accurate phenotyping in conditions like autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
- Effective removal of antibodies without compromising RBC antigens is crucial for diagnostic testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine optimal conditions for removing immunoglobulin from RBCs using chloroquine diphosphate (CDP).
- To evaluate the impact of chloroquine treatment on RBC antigenicity.
Main Methods:
- RBCs were coated with anti-D and incubated in CDP solution at various temperatures (18-37°C) and time intervals.
- Antigenicity of RBCs treated with chloroquine at 30°C and 37°C was assessed using specific antisera.
Main Results:
- Antibody removal was more efficient at 30°C and 37°C compared to lower temperatures.
- RBC antigens were well preserved after 2 hours of chloroquine treatment at 30°C.
- At 37°C, antigenicity deteriorated significantly after 60 minutes, with some loss by 30 minutes (except Jkb).
Conclusions:
- Chloroquine treatment is effective for removing immunoglobulin from RBCs for phenotyping.
- Recommended treatment: 90 minutes at 30°C or a maximum of 30 minutes at 37°C to maintain antigen integrity.