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Effect of vitamin E TPGS on immune response to nasally delivered diphtheria toxoid loaded poly(caprolactone)
S Somavarapu1, S Pandit, G Gradassi
1Vaccine Delivery Group, Centre for Drug Delivery Research, University of London, School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
Abstract:
The nasal mucosa has many advantages as a potential site for drug and vaccine delivery. The present study has sought to exploit this route of delivery using microparticles composed of D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) as a matrix material blended with poly(caprolactone) for nasal immunisation with diphtheria toxoid. Particles were prepared by a double emulsion method, followed by spray drying and the effect of TPGS on size, zeta potential, loading and release of antigen was assessed. Particles composed of TPGS-PCL blends were spherical, smooth and monodisperse, displaying increasing yields after spray drying with increasing concentrations of TPGS. The immune response to diphtheria toxoid loaded PCL-TPGS microspheres after nasal administration was shown to be higher than that achieved using PCL microspheres alone. We conclude that TPGS shows significant potential as a novel adjuvant either alone or in combination with an appropriate delivery system.
