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Related Experiment Videos

Aortic root dynamics are asymmetric.

Emmanuel Lansac1, Hou-Sen Lim, Yu Shomura

  • 1The International Heart Institute of Montana Foundation at St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center, The University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59802, USA.

The Journal of Heart Valve Disease
|June 25, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Aortic root expansion is asymmetric, with the right sinus expanding the most. This asymmetry causes a significant change in the aortic root tilt angle during the cardiac cycle, likely optimizing blood flow and reducing stress.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Cardiac Anatomy

Background:

  • Conformational changes in the aortic root occur during the cardiac cycle.
  • Precise time-related geometric changes at each aortic root level are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely quantify time-related geometric changes at different levels of the aortic root.
  • To investigate the relationship between aortic root dynamics and cardiac pressures.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution 3D sonomicrometry (200 Hz) in an acute sheep model.
  • Implantation of crystals to measure perimeter, height, twist, and tilt angles of the aortic root.
  • Correlation of geometric changes with left ventricular (LV) and aortic pressures.

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Main Results:

  • Asymmetric expansion of the sinuses of Valsalva (right > left > non-coronary).
  • Similar asymmetric pattern observed for aortic root height.
  • Significant changes in aortic root twist and tilt angles, with tilt angle reducing during systole to align LV outflow tract with ascending aorta.

Conclusions:

  • Aortic root expansion is inherently asymmetric, driving specific tilt angle modifications.
  • Systolic tilt angle reduction likely facilitates blood ejection, while diastolic increase may reduce leaflet stress.
  • Findings have implications for surgical interventions and prosthetic valve design.