[Syndrome X. A paradoxically anonymous identity]

Since the original description, the list of statistically related components, which make up the metabolic syndrome, is in continuous increase. Therefore, different medical groups and their consensus and reports still do not agree on the criteria for its definition and denomination. Although the syndrome is related with high risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the trials have not demonstrated the relationship between hyperinsulinemia and cardiovascular diseases; in consequence it is difficult to conclude whether cardiovascular disease is a part of the syndrome or its consequence. Therefore, it is impossible to accept that the syndrome is synonymous of high risk for cardiovascular disease. These facts may be the reason why its identity hides behind an "X".