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Allergy and cancer.

B Lindelöf1, F Granath, M Tengvall-Linder

  • 1Unit of Dermatology and Venereology, Karolinska University Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Allergy
|August 4, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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This large study found no link between allergy and cancer risk. Allergy does not appear to protect against cancer, nor does it increase cancer risk in the general population.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Conflicting hypotheses exist regarding allergy's effect on cancer risk: protection via immune surveillance or increased risk due to chronic immune stimulation.
  • A large-scale epidemiological study was needed to clarify the relationship between allergic diseases and cancer incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between allergic disease and cancer risk.
  • To determine if allergy offers protection against cancer or elevates cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 70,136 patients tested for total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and 57,815 for allergic disease (Phadiatop) between 1988-2000.
  • Data linkage with the Swedish Cancer Registry provided comprehensive cancer follow-up.
  • Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated to compare observed cancer cases with expected rates.

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Main Results:

  • No significant association was found between allergic disease markers (total IgE, Phadiatop results) and overall cancer incidence.
  • The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for cancer was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.92-1.04) in the IgE cohort and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.92-1.06) in the Phadiatop cohort.
  • Specific analyses for lung, cervical, pancreatic, lymphoma, and nonmelanoma skin cancers showed no increased risks.

Conclusions:

  • The study does not support the hypothesis that allergy is protective against cancer.
  • The findings also do not support the hypothesis that allergy is associated with an increased risk of cancer.