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Simulating maximal quantum entanglement without communication.

N J Cerf1, N Gisin, S Massar

  • 1Centre for Quantum Information and Communication, Ecole Polytechnique, CP 165/59, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.

Physical Review Letters
|August 11, 2005
PubMed
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A fundamental nonlocal correlation, a+b=xy mod 2, can simulate all projective measurements on entangled qubits without communication. This elementary nonlocal correlation defines a new unit of nonlocality, the "nl bit".

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Foundations

Background:

  • Causal correlations between two parties (a, b) receiving inputs (x, y) are understood as combinations of local and nonlocal correlations.
  • Nonlocal correlations are key to quantum phenomena like entanglement and quantum key distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that a single elementary nonlocal correlation can simulate all projective measurements on entangled qubits.
  • To introduce a new fundamental unit for quantifying nonlocality.

Main Methods:

  • The study analyzes the structure of causal correlations, specifically focusing on the nonlocal correlation a+b=xy mod 2.
  • It shows this correlation's sufficiency in simulating projective measurements on maximally entangled two-qubit states.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • A single instance of the nonlocal correlation a+b=xy mod 2 can perfectly simulate all projective measurements on a maximally entangled state of two qubits.
  • No communication between parties is required for this simulation.

Conclusions:

  • The elementary nonlocal correlation a+b=xy mod 2 is a powerful resource in quantum information processing.
  • This work introduces the 'nl bit' as a fundamental unit for measuring nonlocality.