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Breast tuberculosis: diagnosis, clinical features & management
1Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|September 24, 2005
Summary
Breast tuberculosis is rare but often misdiagnosed as cancer. Diagnosis relies on histology or microscopy, with 6-month antitubercular therapy being the primary treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Breast tuberculosis (TB) is a rare condition, often mistaken for breast cancer or abscesses.
- Historically underreported, recent cases from South Africa and India highlight its presence.
- The global AIDS pandemic may lead to a resurgence of tubercular mastitis, particularly in Western countries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of breast tuberculosis, focusing on diagnosis, clinical presentation, and management.
- To highlight the diagnostic challenges and evolving treatment strategies for this rare condition.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes information from existing literature on breast tuberculosis.
- It discusses diagnostic criteria, including histological identification and microbiological confirmation.
- Management strategies, primarily antitubercular therapy, are examined.
Main Results:
- Breast tuberculosis lacks specific clinical or radiological diagnostic features.
- Definitive diagnosis depends on identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis through histology, microscopy, or culture.
- Current treatment involves a 6-month course of antitubercular therapy, potentially with minimal surgery.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of breast tuberculosis is crucial due to its potential misdiagnosis.
- Antitubercular therapy is the cornerstone of management.
- Continued vigilance and research are necessary given its potential resurgence.